Hirschsprung's disease - Symptoms & causes - Dr Naveed Haider October 28, 2021 February 8, 2025

What is Hirschsprung disease/Constipation in children

Hirschsprung's Disease: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Hirschsprung's disease is a serious condition affecting the intestines. It occurs when nerve cells in the colon are missing, causing difficulty passing stool (constipation). This page explores Hirschsprung's disease, including its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options.

Symptoms:

Newborns:
- Failure to have a bowel movement within 48 hours of birth
- Abdominal swelling (bloating)
- Vomiting
- Fever
- Constipation
Older Infants and Children:
- Worsening constipation
- Loss of appetite
- Delayed growth
- Passing small, watery stools
- Abdominal swelling

Causes:

The exact cause of Hirschsprung's disease is unknown. However, genetics may play a role, especially in severe cases or when a family member has the condition.

Diagnosis:

Diagnosing Hirschsprung's disease typically involves a combination of tests, including:

X-rays: Abdominal X-rays can reveal blockages or abnormalities.
Contrast Enema: A special dye is used to examine the large intestine for issues.
Rectal Biopsy: A tissue sample is taken from the rectum to confirm the absence of nerve cells.

Treatment:

Surgery is the primary treatment for Hirschsprung's disease. The goal is to remove the diseased section of the intestine and reconnect the healthy portion to the anus (pull-through procedure). In some cases, minimally invasive techniques or a scarless approach through the anus may be possible.

Outlook:

Most children who undergo surgery for Hirschsprung's disease experience significant improvement. However, some may experience ongoing issues like constipation, diarrhea, or bowel accidents. Long-term follow-up and additional tests like anorectal manometry may be needed to manage these concerns.

Additional Considerations:

Hirschsprung's disease is more common in boys than girls.
Children with Down syndrome have a higher risk of developing the condition.

By understanding the symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options for Hirschsprung's disease, you can be better prepared to discuss your child's health with a healthcare professional.

successful treatment

The pediatric surgeon Dr Naveed haider carries the laparoscopic surgical procedure with great care and advanced equipment, ensuring good quality of life for your child at very reasonable cost .

Pull-through Procedure

Staged Pull-through Procedure

Laparoscopic Pull-through

TIPS & INFO

Tips for Healthy Children and Families

Best Tips and Information for Managing Hirschsprung's Disease After Surgery

While surgery is the primary treatment for Hirschsprung's disease, successful management requires a multi-pronged approach. Here are some of the best tips and information to help your child thrive after surgery:

1. Post-Surgical Care is Key:

Follow Doctor's Instructions: Meticulously follow the surgeon's guidance on wound care, diet, and bowel movements. Proper care promotes healing and prevents complications.

2. Dietary Management:

Work with a Specialist: A pediatrician or gastroenterologist can create a personalized diet plan. It will likely prioritize gut health, promote healthy digestion, and reduce constipation.

3. Medication may be Needed:

Stool Softeners: Doctors might prescribe stool softeners to make passing stool easier and less uncomfortable for your child.

Laxatives (with Caution): Laxatives can be helpful in managing constipation, but use them only under a doctor's supervision to avoid overuse and dependence.

4. Bowel Management Techniques:

Enemas or Irrigation: A healthcare professional may recommend specific bowel management techniques like enemas or irrigation to help regulate bowel movements.

Pelvic Floor Therapy: In some cases, pelvic floor therapy can strengthen the muscles responsible for bowel control, improving continence.

5. Probiotics for Gut Health:

Consult a Doctor First: While probiotics may be beneficial for restoring gut flora balance and promoting digestion, discuss their use with your child's doctor before starting them.

6. Stay Hydrated:

Encourage Fluids: Adequate hydration is essential for healthy bowel function. Encourage your child to drink plenty of water and other fluids throughout the day.

7. Exercise Regularly:

Promote Overall Health: Regular physical activity can help regulate digestion, improve gut health, and contribute to your child's overall well-being.

8. Manage Underlying Conditions:

Holistic Approach: If your child has other conditions that contribute to Hirschsprung's disease, managing those conditions can also be beneficial. Address any underlying issues to optimize their overall health.

9. Patience and Communication:

Recovery Takes Time: Recovery from surgery and adjusting to bowel management techniques takes time. Be patient with your child and maintain open communication with their doctor regarding any concerns or questions.

10. Support Groups:

Connect with Others: Connecting with support groups for families managing Hirschsprung's disease can provide valuable resources, shared experiences, and emotional support.

Understanding the Blockage Affecting Infants

Hirschsprung's disease is a serious condition affecting newborns and infants. It disrupts the normal movement of stool (waste) through the large intestine (colon) due to missing nerve cells. This can lead to constipation and other health problems.

Symptoms of Hirschsprung's Disease:

While constipation is the primary symptom, other signs may also indicate Hirschsprung's disease in infants:

Abdominal pain or discomfort
Swelling of the belly (distention)
Vomiting
Fever
Lethargy or fatigue
Difficulty gaining weight (malnutrition)
Delayed growth

Understanding the Importance of Early Diagnosis:

If you notice any of these symptoms in your infant, it's crucial to seek prompt medical attention. Early diagnosis and treatment of Hirschsprung's disease can significantly improve an infant's long-term health and well-being